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Notes on the file problems people actually run into — why a photo will not open, which format to pick, how to get a PDF under an attachment limit.
Running a PNG through a compressor and getting a larger file back is not a bug. It follows from how lossless formats work — and there is a correct fix.
Sizes differ by country, but rejections rarely come down to size. The rules that actually catch people out, and how to get a compliant photo without a studio.
Every photo carries hidden metadata, sometimes including exactly where it was taken. What EXIF contains, when it matters, and how to strip it before sharing.
Attachment limits are smaller than people think. Where PDF file size actually comes from, and the fixes that work — in order of how much they save.
AVIF makes smaller files than WebP, but that does not automatically make it the right choice. A practical comparison of size, support, encoding speed and when each one wins.
iPhones save photos as HEIC, and Windows often refuses to open them. Here is what the format actually is, why support is patchy, and the three ways to fix it.